|
Murad
Murad I (nick-named Hüdavendigâr, \"the God-like One\") (Turkish:I.Murat Hügavendigâr) (1319 or 1326 – 1389) (Arabic: مراد الأول) was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire from 1359 to 1389. more...
 Home
Bath & Body
Dietary Supplements,...
Hair Care
Hair Removal
Health Care
Makeup
Massage
Medical, Special Needs
Nail
Natural Therapies
Oral Care
Skin Care
 Acne, Blemish Control
Anti-Aging Products
 Ahava
Aloette
Arbonne
 Nutrimin C
Other
Sets
Avon
Clinical Line
Other Product Lines
Retroactive Line
Ultimate Line
Eye Treatments
Face Creams
Facial Peels
Laser Systems
Line, Wrinkle Correctors
Other
Repair Creams, Lotions
Serums
BeautiControl
Bliss
Cellex-C
Chanel
Christian Dior
Clarins
Clinique
Eye Treatments
Face Creams
Firming Creams, Lotions
Other Products
DDF
Elizabeth Arden
Elizabeth Grant
Erno Laszlo
Este Lauder
Future Perfect
Other
Perfectionist
Resilience
Eye Treatments
Face Creams
Night Repair
Other Products
Serums
Skin Refinisher
Freeze 24/7
Gatineau
Guerlain
Isomers
Jafra
Kiehl's
Kinerase
L'Oreal
La Prairie
Lancme
Eye Treatments
Face Creams
Other Products
Wrinkle Treatments
Mary Kay
Day Solutions
Eye Treatments
Facial Cleansers
Facial Moisturizers
Night Solutions
Other Products
Sets, Kits
MD Formulations
Murad
N.V. Perricone, M.D.
Natura Bisse
Neutrogena
Obagi
Oil of Olay
Other
Regenerist
Total Effects
Origins
Other Brands
Philosophy
Principal Secret
ReVive
Serious Skin Care
Eye Cream
Other
Serums
Shiseido
Signature Club A
Skinceuticals
Strivectin
Wei East
Z. Bigatti
Blotting Papers
Cleansers
Exfoliators, Scrubs
Eye Masks
Lightening Cream
Makeup Remover
Masks, Peels
Men's Skin Care
Microdermabrasion
Moisturizers
Night Cream
Other Items
Samples, Trial Size
Sets, Kits
Sun Care
Toners, Astringents
Vision Care
He was the son of Orhan I and the Byzantine princess Helen (Nilüfer) who was of ethnic Greek descent, and became the ruler following his father's death in 1359.
Establishment of Empire
He established the Empire by building up a society and government in the newly conquered city of Adrianople (Edirne in Turkish) and by expanding the realm in Europe, bringing most of the Balkans under Ottoman rule and forcing the Byzantine emperor to pay him tribute. It was Murad who established the former Osmanli tribe into an empire. He established the title of sultan in 1383 and the corps of the janissaries and the devşirme recruiting system. He also organised the government of the Divan, the system of timars and timar-holders (timariots) and the military judge, the kazasker. He also established the two provinces of Anadolu (Anatolia) and Rumeli (Europe).
Wars
Murad fought against the powerful emirate of Karamanid in Anatolia and against the Serbs, Bulgarians and Hungarians in Europe. His moves in the Balkans brought together a Christian coalition under the king of Hungary, but they were defeated at the Battle of Maritsa on September 26, 1371 by Murad's capable second lieutenant Lala Şâhin Paşa, the first governor (beylerbey) of Rumeli. In 1366 the Serbian king was forced to pay tribute to the Sultan and in 1385 Sofia fell to the Ottomans. In 1386 Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović defeated an Ottoman force at the Battle of Pločnik. The Ottoman army didn't suffer heavy casualties, and was enable to capture Niš on the way back. In 1389 Murad's army indecisively defeated the Serbian Arm with its allies under the leadership of Lazar at the Battle of Kosovo. During the battle, Murad I was assassinated by Miloš Obilić, a Serbian noble who earlier swore that it would be his sword that would kill Murad. His son Bayezid took charge over the battle. Though Murad made him swear to hold his brother dear, he executed him immediately as a pretender. After the victory, Bayezid retreated to consolidate control of the Empire.
Marriages and Progeny
Marriages of Murad I:
Gulcicek Hatun - of Greek origin;
Maria Thamara Hatun - daughter of Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria and Theodora of Wallachia;
Pasha Melek Hatun - daughter of Kizil Murad Bey;
Fulane Hatun - daughter of Candaroglu;
Read more at Wikipedia.org
|
|
